Ubuntu-install as a windows progam

You are:
A Windows user–curious to try Linux–do not want to go into details of partitioning drives and long installation steps–do not want to burn cd as well–want to remove Linux<just in case>just by a click–
Read on:
Easiest method to install any operating system ever….

Download Ubuntu http://www.ubuntu.com/GetUbuntu/download–select desktop edition,x86,location<select any of US,as the server is reliable unlike Asia’s >After downloading this iso image.mount using Daemon tools or Poweriso.Now select option “Install inside windows”.Choose appropriate drive on which to install Ubuntu<select disk space 4-20GB…as needed…if trying for testing keep it to minimum>

Your PC RAM should be 512MB minimum for smooth installation.
Now entering details,restarting computer.On booting there is a boot screen to choose between Windows and Ubuntu..select Ubuntu…and thats it…installation will proceed automatically<will take approx 15min>
Done!!
To remove Ubuntu completely….uninstall using add and remove programs.

 

Few tips/troubleshoots for Debian based Linux

Will work for Debian,Ubuntu etc.
here is a full list of Debian based linux See this
or this

1>Recover grub::

1. Boot from a Live CD, like Ubuntu Live, Knoppix, Mepis, or similar.

2. Open a Terminal. Open a root terminal (that is, type su in a non-Ubuntu distro, or sudo -i in Ubuntu). Enter root passwords as necessary.

3. grub

4. find /boot/grub/stage1. eg.hd0,3

5. root (hd0,3)

6. setup (hd0,3)

7. quit

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2> Permanent mount of filesystems

sudo fdisk -l

edit
/etc/fstab ::

/dev/sda1 /mnt/c_drive vfat rw,uid=sunny 0 0 eg. uid=sunny
/dev/sda5 /mnt/d_drive ntfs rw,uid=sunny 0 0

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3>Install gcc
apt-get install gcc build-essential

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4>change grub

edit
/boot/grub/menu.lst
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5>remove completely

sudo apt-get remove vlc eg. to remove vlc

sudo apt-get install deborphan
apt-get remove –purge vlc
apt-get clean

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6>update apt-get

sudo apt-get update

 

Make PC a Server(Run website or Share files)

NOTE:Keeping up our PC as a server has few hurdles:
*If our Internet connection has dynamic ip address (i.e. each time modem is restarted…IP address changes),server address changes.
*Due to bandwidth limit,only few people can download files(though accessing of web pages can be done easily).

To overcome the 1st hurdle,use domain name from free dynamic domains(eg. http://dyndns.com,while entering details type external ipaddress as obtained from http://cmyip.com)It will give a domain name (eg. server.homeftp.org).Download and install DynDN Updater(allows to connect ur pc directly to its server)

Download and install Apache web server from http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi(.msi for Windows,.tar.gz..for Linux or Unix).

During installation in Windows:
In Network domain:enter domain name obtained(eg. server.homeftp.org)
In server name:Enter same as above with www(eg. www.server.homeftp.org)
Administrative email:any email id
Now,leave all fields recommended and default,install it.
Start apache web server(firewall gives warning…unblock it).
In the browser type http://localhost.If success page comes up,then installation is correct.
Now browse through C:\Program Files\Apache Group\Apache2\conf open httpd.conf using notepad, (# shows- lines are commented) find string,DocumentRoot change path to the directory whose files u want to share or keep web pages.(eg. D:\web\ ,default is C:\Program Files\Apache Group\Apache2\htdocs).Now find a line (# This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to)below it change path of Directory to same as that of DocumentRoot.
Now create a file index.html inside the DocumentRoot(eg. D:\web\).And keep all files,folders inside that to share or the web files for the website.
To view the logs go to:C:\Program Files\Apache Group\Apache2\logs.
Now to make it work across the world over internet.We have to configure the modem,to do a Virtual Servers Setup.
Now open cmd from run,type ipconfig: it will give internal ip (eg. 192.168.1.2). Type this internal ip in browser.we can see our server running over LAN. Now,note down external ip from http://cmyip.com.To test is it really working,from any other computer(not on that LAN),type external ip u noted or domain name registered, in the browser.
Done!!
Is it??
Post ur experience.

My PC as a server.http://my-stuffs.co.nr or http://mystuffs.homeftp.org

 

GNU/Linux History

The Beginning:

In the 1960s, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, AT&T Bell Labs, and General Electric worked on an experimental operating system called Multics designed to run on the GE-645 mainframe computer.
1969:At AT&T Bell Labs, Ken Thompson(one of developers of Multics) and Dennis Ritchie led a team of developers, started developing a file system and a new multi-tasking operating system. They included a command line interpreter and some small utility programs.The project was named Unics,later Unix.
1970: The Unix operating system was officially named and ran on the PDP-11/20. It was written in PDP-11/20 assembly language.
1972:At Bell Labs,Brian Kernigham,Dennis Ritchie develops C programming language
1973:Unix rewritten in C.(Unix V4)

The Variants:

1975:Unix V6 is made available at universities.1st variant of Unix -Berkeley Software Distribution(BSD) at University of California,Berkeley.
1982:Bill Joy(one of the developers of BSD) founded Sun Microsystems,created Sun OS(now Solaris).

GNU(GNU is not Unix):

1984:Richard Matthew Stallman quit his job at MIT.
GNU Project:Stallman started this,formed team and software development began,goal to develop a UNIX like free operating system( free to study the source code,free to share the software with other people,free to modify the behaviour of the software,free to publish the modified versions).
All the necessary softwares were started to be written from scratch.
By 1990: the GNU system had an extensible text editor(Emacs), a compiler-GNU Compiler Collection(GCC), and most of the core libraries and utilities of a standard Unix distribution.The main component still missing was the kernel.

Minix:

1987: Andrew S. Tanenbaum released released MINIX 1 in his book on operating systems.MINIX became very popular. Linus Torvalds also used MINIX.

Linux Kernel:

By 1991:Linus improved MINIX(as he wanted UNIX like OS to run on his INTEL386 system) ,converted it into his own operating system, entirely free of the original code.He made a monolithic kernel(named LINUX kernel)unlike microkernel of MINIX.
Development of Linux kernel was done on MINIX using GNU C Compiler.

Linus’ OS-Linux v 0.01 released.

GNU/Linux:

By 1992:Linux kernel is adapted by GNU project to form GNU/Linux Operating system.Thus a completely free and open source OS is developed.

By 2008:Many distros of GNU/Linux is released.Debian,Open Suse,Red Hat,Fedora,Slackware ……….are the popular ones.

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Download Revolution OS from here.

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